ABSTRACT
Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a new coronavirus. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is having a devastating impact throughout the world. Its pathophysiology is the result of direct cytopathic effects of SARS-CoV-2 on respiratory epithelium, endothelium, other organ-specific cell types and the subsequent induction of a pro-inflammatory cytokine storm and dysregulated adaptive immunity, causing severe tissue damage. Objective(s): To describe autoimmune characteristics present during SARS-Cov-2 infection. Method(s): A literature review on COVID-19 and autoimmune manifestations was carried out. The articles were selected from a search of the following websites: Pubmed, Medline, SciELO. An analysis and summary of the reviewed information was made. Analysis and synthesis of information: Viruses have been considered the main infectious agents that trigger autoimmune phenomena in genetically susceptible individuals. SARS-CoV-2 has already been linked to a long list of autoinflammatory and autoimmune conditions that can be induced by various mechanisms proposed to explain virus-induced autoimmunity. In this pathology, the most described, is molecular mimicry. COVID-19 shares similarities with autoimmune diseases in its clinical manifestations, pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic response, such powerful immune reactions participate in the pathogenesis of both entities. Conclusion(s): SARS-CoV-2 infection may represent the complex and interrelated link between infections and autoimmunity.Copyright © 2022, Editorial Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a new coronavirus. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is having a devastating impact throughout the world. Its pathophysiology is the result of direct cytopathic effects of SARS-CoV-2 on respiratory epithelium, endothelium, other organ-specific cell types and the subsequent induction of a pro-inflammatory cytokine storm and dysregulated adaptive immunity, causing severe tissue damage. Objective(s): To describe autoimmune characteristics present during SARS-Cov-2 infection. Method(s): A literature review on COVID-19 and autoimmune manifestations was carried out. The articles were selected from a search of the following websites: Pubmed, Medline, SciELO. An analysis and summary of the reviewed information was made. Analysis and synthesis of information: Viruses have been considered the main infectious agents that trigger autoimmune phenomena in genetically susceptible individuals. SARS-CoV-2 has already been linked to a long list of autoinflammatory and autoimmune conditions that can be induced by various mechanisms proposed to explain virus-induced autoimmunity. In this pathology, the most described, is molecular mimicry. COVID-19 shares similarities with autoimmune diseases in its clinical manifestations, pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic response, such powerful immune reactions participate in the pathogenesis of both entities. Conclusion(s): SARS-CoV-2 infection may represent the complex and interrelated link between infections and autoimmunity. Copyright © 2022, Editorial Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: In December 2019, a new disease was identified in the city of Wuhan, Hubei, Province of China, the severe acute respiratory syndrome by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), highly contagious, responsible for a high lethality and named disease for coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). A pandemic was declared by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. It is of great interest to study the behavior of the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2, due to the importance of the presence or absence of protective immunity on the transmission and severity of the disease. Objective: To describe the response of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the course of COVID-19. Methods: A review of the literature on COVID-19 and antibody response was performed. The articles were selected from a search on different high impact international websites such as Pubmed and Medline. A rigorous analysis and summary of the literature reviewed was made. Development: In the analyzed studies, it is suggested that the acute antibody response in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is similar to that developed in other acute viral infections. It is also evident that the first antibody titers begin to be detected more than seven days after the symptoms have started. Conclusions: It is necessary to deepen the study of the kinetics of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response, particularly in those patients who are asymptomatic or with subclinical infections. © 2020, Editorial Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.